This article explains why the Owner field may not appear for Community Users in Custom Report Types in Salesforce. This occurs due to the polymorphic nature of certain Owner fields — meaning they can reference more than one object type (such as both a User and a Queue)
Polymorphic fields are defined as fields that can reference more than one Object. For example, a Lead or Case Owner can be either a User or a Queue record since the Lead Owner and Case Owner are both Lookup (User, Queue) fields.
If a polymorphic field is included in a Custom Report Type, and a User doesn't have access to all the Objects referenced by it (User and Queue in the example above), then the field isn't visible for that User.
A polymorphic field is one that can reference more than one type of record. For example, the Case Owner field can reference either a User record or a Queue record. If a user does not have access to all referenced objects (e.g., Community Users cannot access Queue objects), the field is not visible in Custom Report Types.
Note:
Queue Object access level can't be granted to Community Users via standard sharing process, such as custom profile or permission sets. Hence, when a Custom Report Type is based on an object that uses a Queue as the owner, the Owner field isn't visible from the report.
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