Error 'Time limit for logging on was reached' in Salesforce for Outlook

1. First close all your programs including Outlook and then uninstall Salesforce for outlook (SFO) from the Control Panel. Please review Uninstall Salesforce for Outlook for more information

2. After you uninstall SFO, run a repair on Office installation. Make sure you repair the version that includes your Microsoft Outlook. From Control Panel, list of programs select the version of Office you would like to repair and click on ‘Change’ and select the ‘Repair’ radio button is selected and follow the on screen wizard to finish this process. If you have the Click to Run to Office 365 version installed, you would only see the repair option anyways, make sure to perform an Online Repair and not a Quick Repair.

3. Once the repair is done, reboot your computer. 

4. After you restart your machine, navigate to the following folder path: 
%AppData%\salesforce.com\Salesforce for Outlook\ and delete everything. Do the same for %Temp% folder

5. Download the Salesforce for outlook.exe file from your org, install it according to your permission level. If you are a local administrator on your computer or if you have local admin rights you can install it either way ( Me only options or For everyone who uses this machine) if you are a standard user make sure you have all the prerequisites installed by your IT and then use the Me Only option during the install 

6. Next, open Outlook and try to reproduce the issue, it should be working without any problems or errors with Salesforce for Outlook.