The Developer Console is available only to users who have both the "View All Data" and "Author Apex" permissions. To open the Developer Console in Salesforce Classic, click Your Name > Developer Console. In Lightning Experience (LEX), click the Setup icon and select Developer Console from the dropdown menu. This is expected behavior — when a System Administrator uses the Login As feature to log in as a Standard profile user, the admin's own permissions apply during the session, not the Standard user's permissions.
When a System Administrator uses the Login As feature, the Salesforce session runs under the administrator's permissions — which include "View All Data" and "Author Apex" — not the Standard user's profile permissions. This is why the Developer Console appears in the Setup dropdown during a Login As session, even though the Standard user profile does not have those permissions.
Standard profile users logging in with their own credentials will not see the Developer Console option in the Setup dropdown, because the Standard profile does not include the "View All Data" and "Author Apex" permissions by default. Only the admin temporarily sees these options during a Login As session.
To control which administrators can use the Login As feature, see the Salesforce Help documentation on enabling the "Administrators can log in as any user" feature.
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