Error "B19090E0 Two-Factor Authentication required" When Connecting to NetSuite

When connecting to Oracle NetSuite with the connector in Tableau Desktop, it fails with the error:

Bad Connection: Tableau could not connect to the data source
Error Code: B19090E0

[USER_ERROR] Two-Factor Authentication required. 
Unable to connect to the NetSuite server "NetSuite". Check that the server is running and that you have access privileges to the requested database. 
Connector Class: cdata_netsuite. Version: 20.7923.0

Cause

The Oracle NetSuite connector doesn't support two-factor authentication roles.