While Salesforce reports can filter by specific text, they cannot distinguish between single-byte and double-byte characters in multi-byte environments like Japanese. To extract records based on specific character widths, a temporary change to the user's locale settings is required.
While report filter can determine whether a specific string has been entered, they cannot create general search conditions such as whether the characters entered in a field are half-width or full-width.
Therefore, it is not possible to set a search condition in a report that checks whether half-width alphanumeric characters have been entered in a specific text field.
Also, even if the search condition is for a specific string (e.g., text field equals "ABC"), as described in the knowledge article, if the logged-in user's Locale is set to "Japanese (Japan)" (a multi-byte environment), both records with the half-width value "ABC" and the full-width value "ABC" will be displayed in the report.
Salesforce's report filter engine applies locale-aware string matching. In the Japanese (Japan) locale, the system treats half-width 'ABC' and full-width 'ABC' as equivalent. Temporarily switching the user's locale to English (United States) forces single-byte matching, allowing the filter to distinguish between the two character forms.
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